I have read this many times.....what is this "Last mile problem".....a concise explanation wud do!!
It has multiple usage but the two most apt are...
The lack of LLU where the last mile is not free from public operators which creates the problem of excessive and virtually useless infra which increases costs. bsnl has covered the entire country but does not allow others to use it which is bad. it is like why build three roads when one is already there.
But in more important context, last mile problem is used for inefficiency of the last mile. bsnl,mtnl's uses copper all the way up to exchange, this decreases the speed drastically as the distance increases. Moreover it very inefficient and connections are boosted to cover the propagation loss. hence another waste of bw. Cablewalah's who should use DOCSIS dont do but infact horrifically use lan cables through out the city which is again technologically bad and lossy.
A solution to all this FTTX or FTTH.
FTTX or fiber to the curb will basically reduce this long copper loop and bring very high BW very near to the subscriber. Now whether to use existing copper or new fiber to the home depends upon the company. FTTX is sure to come in national BB policy and it will be operator independent hence anyone can use it so costs go down,speed increases and a win win situation.
There is also a possibilty of even using FTTH i.e. direct to the home throughout but
DOT's final draft will clear what the govt. wants.
And i hav learnt from this forum that
Tata, airtel do have a FTTX/metro optic fiber system or simply metro Ethernet in many cities. but why it doesn't use to fullest is ???